Electrical4U 
“Maintenance” as the name suggests it is the action necessary for retaining or restoring a piece of equipment or machine to the specified operable condition to achieve its maximum useful life. Induction motor maintenance is the work that keeps a motor in a specified operable condition for its useful life. Maintenance of these machines falls … Read more
A Zener diode is a specially designed diodes device made to run in reverse breakdown. These diodes are more heavily doped than ordinary rectifiers, so low-voltage types have a thin depletion region. A rectifier diode is not rated for continuous reverse breakdown voltage. A Zener diode is. The junction recovers when the reverse voltage is … Read more
An op amp is extensively used as the main building block of a Digital to Analog Converter (DAC). A DAC is an electronic device in the form of an IC that converts digital signals to equivalent analog signals. DACs can be realized in many ways. One popular DAC circuit is the binary weighted ladder.This DAC … Read more
To measure water content in insulating oil, we use Karl Fischer Titration. In this method, water (H2O) reacts chemically with iodine (I2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), an organic base (C5H5N), and alcohol (CH3OH) in an organic solvent.The sample is mixed with sulfur dioxide, iodide ions, and an organic base/alcohol. Iodine is generated by electrolysis of the … Read more
What is Electric Charge? Everything in the universe is made of atoms, which are electrically neutral because they have an equal number of protons and electrons. Protons have a positive charge and are located in the nucleus with neutral neutrons. The protons are tightly bound in the nucleus. Protons cannot be separated from the nucleus … Read more
What is a Voltage to Current Converter (V to I Converter)? A voltage to current converter (V to I converter) is defined as an electronic circuit that converts an input voltage into a proportional output current. The motivation comes from instrumentation practice. For instrumentation circuits, DC current is preferred for creating an analog representation of … Read more
The two main types of electrostatic precipitator used on electrical power and other electricity plant gas streams are dry and wet. Coal power plants still use them widely, though coal is not the only fuel mix and a baghouse is another common particulate control. An Electrostatic precipitator charges particles in a flowing gas and collects … Read more
A tuned collector oscillator is an LC oscillator with the frequency-setting tank on the collector. Wider background on what is an oscillator: an electronic circuit that generates a periodic signal, such as a sine or square wave, by converting DC to AC. Radios, clocks and similar gear use many oscillator types, not only this collector-tank … Read more
Causes of Acidity in Insulating Oil The insulating oil in a transformer may occasionally come into contact with air, for example while opening any blanking or through leaks in the oil tanks or associated pipelines. Because of this contact, the oxidation reaction takes place in the transformer oil, accelerated further by temperature and by the … Read more
We define magnetic flux as the total number of magnetic lines of force in a magnetic field. If we place an imaginary isolated north pole in a magnetic field, it will experience a repulsive force from the north pole and an attractive force from the south pole of the magnet. These forces will cause the … Read more