Electrical4U 
Depending on the construction of its magnetic core, we can categorize transformers into two types: Core of Shell Type Transformer We use ‘E’s and ‘L’s shape laminations to make the core of the shell-type transformer. Limb of Shell Type Transformer A single-phase shell type transformer has a core with three limbs, enhancing mechanical strength and … Read more
The connection of several generating stations at a specific transmission voltage level is known as an electrical grid system. By interconnecting different power-generating stations, we can solve various power system challenges. The structure, or “network topology,” of a grid can vary based on load, generation characteristics, budget constraints, and reliability needs. The physical layout is … Read more
DC-DC converters are also known as Choppers. Here we will have a look at the Step Up Chopper or Boost converter which increases the input DC voltage to a specified DC output voltage. A typical Boost converter is shown below. The input voltage source connects to an inductor. A solid-state switch is connected across the … Read more
The points we must earth in an electrical substation include: Method of Earthing We connect all the points to be earthed to the earthing grid using corrosion-resistant mild steel rods, buried at least 600 mm below ground. If these rods cross a cable trench, road, underground pipework, or rail track, they should be at least … Read more
What is a Transformer Rating? Manufacturers design transformers based on the needed voltage and current. This information is shown on the transformer’s nameplate in VA (Volt-Amps), which is called the transformer rating. The rating also indicates the maximum voltage and current the transformer can handle safely. The rating of a transformer depends on temperature rise, … Read more
The main components of a gas turbine power plant are the Compressor The air compressor in a gas turbine power plant, typically rotary type, features an air filter at its inlet to remove dust. As air passes through, rotary blades on a shaft compress it against stationary blocks, increasing its pressure before exiting. Regenerator Heat … Read more
The solid-fuel firing method can’t handle load fluctuations well. It’s also not stable enough for large thermal power plants. The flue gases have a lot of ash, making it hard to separate from the exhaust. So, non-pulverized coal firing isn’t practical for large boilers. The main drawback is that it doesn’t burn the fuel completely, … Read more
Let’s consider how a 3 phase inductor motor starts. We apply a three-phase supply to the motor’s stator winding, arranged so each phase is 120 degrees apart. This setup creates a revolving magnetic field in the stator. When we switch on the supply, the rotor remains stationary at first. The maximum change in flux linkage … Read more
We cannot store electricity, so we must generate it when needed. Electrical sources, like generating stations or substations, must meet the maximum demand of all connected loads. Fortunately, these maximum demands usually do not happen at the same time. Instead, peak loads occur at different times throughout the day. Because of this, we can build … Read more
Synchronous motors run at synchronous speed. The synchronous speed of a motor depends on the supply frequency and the number of poles in the motor.Synchronous speed is given byWhere, f = supply frequency and p = number of poles.We can change the synchronous speed of the motor by changing the supply frequency and the number … Read more