Electrical4U 
In this article, we will discuss discrete signals, made up of digital data in control systems. But first, why do we need digital technology when we have analog systems?So let us discuss first some advantages of digital system over analog system. How do you convert a continuous signal into discrete signals? The answer is simple: … Read more
Introduced in 1948 by Evans, the root locus technique helps represent any physical system using a transfer function. This function is crucial for analyzing system stability and performance.We can find poles and zeros from G(s). The location of poles and zeros are crucial keeping view stability, relative stability, transient response and error analysis. When the … Read more
The basic operating principle of an SCR can be understood using the two transistor model of SCR, which combines p and n layers.An SCR is a pnpn thyristor. By bisecting it, we see two transistors: one pnp transistor with J1 and J2 junctions and one npn transistor with J2 and J3 junctions.The relation between the … Read more
Distribution Transformer The step down transformers used for electric power distribution purpose are referred as distribution transformer. There are several types of transformer used in the distribution system. Such as single phase transformer, three phase transformer, pole mounted transformer, pad mounted transformer, and underground transformer. Distribution transformers are generally small in size and filled with … Read more
Turn ON Time of SCR A forward-biased thyristor turns on when a positive voltage is applied between the gate and cathode terminals. This transition from forward blocking to conduction mode has a specific duration, known as the turn on time of an SCR, divided into delay(td), rise time(tr), and spread times(ts). Delay Time of SCR … Read more
Thyristor ratings or SCR (Silicon Controlled Rectifier) ratings are very much required for operating it in a safe zone. The reliable operation can be done when a thyristor does not violate its voltage and current rating during working period. A thyristor, or SCR may have several ratings, such as voltage, current, power, , , turn … Read more
The describing function is an approximate procedure for analyzing certain nonlinear control problems in control engineering. To start, let us first recall the basic definition of a linear control system. Linear control systems are those where the principle of superposition (if the two inputs are applied simultaneously, then the output will be the sum of … Read more
Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker or ELCB An Earth-leakage circuit breaker (ELCB) is a safety device used in electrical installations (both residential and commercial) with high Earth impedance to prevent electric shocks. It detects small stray voltages on the metal enclosures of electrical equipment, and interrupts the circuit if a dangerous voltage is detected. ELCBs help … Read more
The power system has three main parts: generation, transmission, and distribution. This article focuses on power generation, where one form of energy is converted into electrical energy. Electrical energy is produced from various natural sources. Energy sources are classified into renewable and non-renewable types. Currently, most electrical energy is generated from non-renewable sources like coal, … Read more
Before I introduce you about various compensation in control system in detail, it is very essential to know the uses of compensating networks in the control system. The important uses of the compensating networks are written below. Necessary of Compensation Methods of Compensation Series Compensator Feedback Compensator Load CompensatorNow what are compensating networks? A compensating … Read more