Electrical4U What are H Parameters (Hybrid Parameters?) H parameters (hybrid parameters) use Z parameters, Y parameters, voltage ratios, and current ratios to show the relationship between voltage and current in a two port network. They are useful for describing input-output characteristics, especially when Z or Y parameters are hard to measure, like in transistors. H parameters … Read more
A non-inverting amplifier is defined as an operational amplifier that amplifies input signals without reversing their polarity, resulting in a positive voltage gain. A non-inverting operational amplifier or non-inverting op-amp uses an op-amp as the main element. An op amp features two input terminals: the inverting input marked with a minus sign (-) and the … Read more
An operational amplifier or op amps is a linear device used for ideal DC amplification. It is fundamentally a voltage amplifying device that works with external feedback components like resistors or capacitors. An op amp has three terminals: inverting input, non-inverting input, and output. As you can see from the diagram, op amp has three … Read more
A rotor is the rotating part of an electrical machine, where current is induced by a rotating magnetic field through transformer action. Induction motor rotor is of two types: Squirrel Cage Rotor In this type of rotor, the rotor winding consists of conductors, in form of copper or aluminum bars embedded in semi-closed slots of … Read more
The expression of the pressure difference between inside and outside of a chimney shows that it has a term which is the height of the chimney. To achieve sufficient pressure difference between two points or to attain enough natural draught we have to increase the height of the chimney which is not always practical in … Read more
Differentiator is an op amp based circuit, whose output signal is proportional to differentiation of input signal. An op amp differentiator is an inverting amplifier with a capacitor at the input terminal. The basic circuit diagram illustrates this setup. We will first assume that the op amp used here is an ideal op amp. We … Read more
A tree of electric network is set of branches which is a set of branches which contains all the nodes of the network but does not form any closed path. It is similar to what a network topology is to a communications network. Let us explain the tree of electric network as defined above.The above … Read more
The world is slowly but continually moving towards a greener future. There is much excitement among engineers about the prospects of greener technology. However, coal-based power plants are still the primary source of electrical power in many countries. Baring few countries in the world like Norway or Iceland, all other countries depend heavily on coal … Read more
When switching off a circuit breaker to cut an inductive load, it’s best to interrupt the current at the zero crossing of the current waveform. However, this is difficult to achieve exactly. In normal circuit breakers, current interruption occurs near, but not exactly at, the zero crossing point. Because the load is inductive, this sudden … Read more
An operational amplifier, or op amp, is not only an amplifier; it can also perform a summing operation. This allows us to design a circuit that combines several input signals into a single output, creating a weighted sum of these inputs. Summing amplifier is basically an op amp circuit that can combine numbers of input … Read more