Electrical4U 
On Load Tap Changer or OLTC In largerpower transformers, for proper voltage regulation of transformer, an on load tap changer is required. As there is no permission of switching off the transformer during tap changing. The tapping arrangement, is placed in separate divertor tank attached to electrical power transformer main tank. Inside this tank, the … Read more
MHD generation, also known as magneto hydrodynamic power generation, directly converts heat energy to electrical energy without intermediate mechanical conversion. This process achieves substantial fuel economy by eliminating the steps of mechanical energy production and its subsequent conversion to electrical energy. History of MHD Generation The concept of MHD power generation was introduced for the … Read more
Temperature Indicator of Transformer These are generally precision instruments. A temperature indicator of power transformer is specially designed for protection of transformer in addition to its temperature indication and cooling control features. That means, this device performs three functions. These instruments indicate instantaneous temperature of oil and windings of transformer. Types of Temperature Indicator of … Read more
A Magnetic Oil level Guage (MOG) is a device used to indicate the position of transformer insulating oil level in conservator of a transformer. This is a mechanical device. A mog in a transformer consists of three main parts: Construction of Magnetic Oil Gauge or MOG The construction of a magnetic oil gauge (MOG) starts … Read more
Function of Radiator When a transformer is loaded, the current starts flowing through it’s windings. Due to this flowing of electric current, heat is produced in the windings, this heat ultimately rises the temperature of transformer oil. We know that the rating of any electrical equipment depends upon its allowable temperature rise limit. Hence, if … Read more
In a three phase system, the phases are conventionally labeled as RYB. A phase sequence indicator is a device that determines the order of these phases in a three-phase supply.When we apply a conventional RYB three-phase supply to an induction motor, the rotor rotates clockwise.Now what will happen to direction of rotation of rotor if … Read more
Before introducing various types of power factor meters, it is essential to understand their importance. We cannot directly calculate power factor in an AC circuit by dividing power by the product of current and voltage from a wattmeter, ammeter and voltmeter because this method is inaccurate and prone to errors. Therefore, industrial applications require accurate … Read more
The Weston type frequency meter works on the principle that when current flows through two perpendicular coils, magnetic fields are produced, causing a magnetic needle to deflect towards the stronger magnetic field, indicating the frequency. Its construction is similar to the ferrodynamic type of frequency meter. The circuit diagram requires two coils, three inductors, and … Read more
Various methods are used for measurement of three phase power in three phase circuits on the basis of number of wattmeters used. We have three methods to discuss: Let us discuss one by one each method in detail. Measurement of Three Phase Power by Three Wattmeters Method The circuit diagram is shown below-This method is … Read more
In the early days, only conventional over-current relays were used for busbar protection. The goal was to ensure that faults in any feeder or transformer connected to the busbar did not affect the entire busbar system. However, the time settings of these relays were lengthy, causing delays in isolating faults on the busbar itself, which … Read more