Electrical4U 
Definition of Isolator A circuit breaker interrupts load or fault current, while a disconnector provides an isolating distance and reliable position indication. Opening either device alone does not make an electrical circuit safe to touch. Maintenance also needs the authorised isolation procedure, control of every energy source, lockout or tagging, absence-of-voltage testing and protective earthing … Read more
What is a Single Phase Transformer? A single phase transformer is a transformer that operates on single-phase power. A transformer is a passive electrical device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through electromagnetic induction, most often to increase (‘step up’) or decrease (‘step down’) voltage levels between circuits. A single phase transformer consists of a magnetic iron … Read more
MOSFET stands for Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor. An insulated gate creates an electric field that controls charge in the semiconductor surface and therefore controls the channel between source and drain. This gate structure gives a MOSFET very high DC input resistance, although its capacitances require current during switching. The broader names Insulated Gate Field Effect Transistor … Read more
Under IEC 60947-1, Electrical switchgear for circuits not exceeding 1,000 V AC or 1,500 V DC falls within the low voltage switchgear scope. LV switchgear can include circuit breakers, switches, electrical isolators, HRC fuses, devices in the earth leakage circuit breaker family, miniature circuit breakers (MCB) and moulded-case circuit breakers. An assembled distribution board must … Read more
Wind energy simply means kinetic energy of air in motion. Air flows on the earth due to uneven heating of the earth surface by radiant energy from the sun. Wind is moving air. In many places that flow is steady enough to turn a turbine. Driving a generator from that shaft is wind energy electricity … Read more
Open-circuit and short-circuit tests on a transformer give: The power used for open circuit tests and short circuit tests on a transformer equals the loss in the transformer during the test. Open Circuit Test on Transformer The connection diagram for the open circuit test on transformer is in the figure. A voltmeter, wattmeter and an … Read more
When current flows through a resistor, electrical energy is transferred to the material. Interactions between charge carriers and the material’s atoms convert that energy into thermal energy. The relationship between current, resistance and heating is called Joule’s law, after the physicist James Prescott Joule. What is Joule’s Law of Heating For a resistor carrying constant … Read more
Emf Equation of Transformer The EMF Equation of transformer follows from Faraday’s law. On an electrical power transformer an alternating source on the primary drives magnetizing current, and that current produces alternating flux in the core of transformer. The flux links both windings. Because the flux is alternating, its rate of change is not zero. … Read more
DC-DC converters, often called Choppers, include the Buck converter, which steps down a higher input DC voltage to a lower specified output voltage. In continuous conduction the ideal relation is Vo = D Vin, where D is the switch duty cycle.A typical Buck converter is shown below. The input vvoltage source connects to a controllable … Read more
Introduction of Indoor Switchgear Switchgear is a generalized term given to a unit which is a combination of protective control and metering types of equipment as a whole. Switchgear can be of different forms depending on the kind of applications such as protection of feeders, protection of motors, rail traction purposes, measurements etc. For example, … Read more