Electrical4U What is a Relaxation Oscillator? A relaxation oscillator is defined as a non-linear electronic oscillator circuit that can generate a non-sinusoidal repetitive output signal. A relaxation oscillator was invented by Henri Abraham and Eugene Bloch using a vacuum tube during World War 1. Oscillators are classified into two different categories; linear oscillators (for sinusoidal waveforms) … Read more
What is an Electrical Resistor? A resistor (also known as an electrical resistor) is defined as a two-terminal passive electrical element that provides electrical resistance to current flow. Resistance is a measure of the opposition to the flow of current in a resistor. The larger a resistor’s resistance, the greater the barrier against the flow … Read more
Electrical4U is a progressive web app, which means that you don’t need to install it from iOS App Store. app.electrical4u.com is the portal to Electrical4U App, no matter which platform you are on. Follow these instructions in order to install it on your iPhone or iPad: Open app.electrical4u.com in Safari Click the share icon (in … Read more
What is RMS Voltage? The word RMS stands for Root Mean Square. An RMS voltage is defined as the square root of the mean square of instantaneous values of the voltage signal. The RMS is also known as the quadratic mean. RMS voltage can also be defined for a continuously varying voltage in terms of … Read more
What is DC Voltage? DC voltage stands for “Direct Current Voltage.” It refers to a voltage with constant polarity that produces or would produce a DC current (DC). In contrast, AC voltage produces or would produce alternating current (AC). DC in this context refers more broadly to quantities that don’t regularly change polarity or that … Read more
What is Electric Current? Electric current is defined as a stream of charged particles—like electrons or ions—moving through a conductor or space. It measures how fast electric charge flows through a medium over time. The symbol for electric current in formulas is “I” or “i”. The unit for current is the ampere (A). Mathematically, the … Read more
What is a Ballast Resistor? A ballast resistor is a resistor used to limit current in a circuit and prevent over-current faults. The term “electric ballast” refers more broadly to any device, such as resistors, capacitors, or inductors, that helps stabilize a circuit by controlling current and voltage levels. Ballast resistors adjust their resistance based … Read more
What is Norton Theorem? (Norton’s Equivalent Circuit) Norton’s Theorem (also known as the Mayer–Norton theorem) is defined as the principle that any linear circuit can be simplified to an equivalent circuit with a single current source and parallel resistance connected to a load. This simplified circuit is called the Norton Equivalent Circuit. More formally, Norton’s … Read more
What is Settling Time? The settling time of a dynamic system is defined as the time required for the output to reach and steady within a given tolerance band. It is denoted as Ts. Settling time includes both the propagation delay and the time needed to stabilize near the final value. It also accounts for … Read more
What is Voltage? Voltage (also known as electric potential difference, electromotive force emf, electric pressure, or electric tension) is defined as the electric potential difference per unit charge between two points in an electric field. Voltage is expressed mathematically (i.e. in formulas) using the symbol “V” or “E”. If you’re looking for a more intuitive … Read more